References

·    References:

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• Anon, (n.d.). [online] Available at: • http://www.arabnews.com/news/561411 [Accessed 24 Mar. 2016].

• bbc.co.uk. (n.d.). Guides about Twitter. [online] Available at: • http://www.bbc.co.uk/webwise/guides/about-twitter [Accessed 24 Mar. 2016].

• Buzzfeed.com. (n.d.). [online] Available at: • http://www.buzzfeed.com/tomphillips/the-29-stages-of-a-twitterstorm#.bpn59kE9Y • http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/11/07/how-obamas-internet-campaign-changed-politics/?_r=0 [Accessed 24 Mar. 2016].

• Longest Selfie Stick- Guinness World Records. (2016). [video] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6tRIjA8PiGw&feature=youtu.be: Youtube.

• Murthy, D. (n.d.). Twitter.

• Parmelee, J. and Bichard, S. (2012). Politics and the Twitter revolution. Lanham, Md.: Lexington Books.

• Richardson, K. (2013). Book Review: Politics and the Twitter Revolution How Tweets Influence the Relationship between Political Leaders and the Public, by John H. Parmelee and Shannon L. Bichard. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 90(3), pp.586-588.

• Style Caster. (n.d.). Topman inspires raging twitter controversy. [online] Available at: • http://stylecaster.com/topman-inspires-raging-twitter-controversy/ [Accessed 24 Mar. 2016].

• Techinsider.io. (2016). How was twitter founded. [online] Available at: • http://www.techinsider.io/how-twitter-was-founded-2011-4 [Accessed 24 Mar. 2016].

• The Daily Mail. (n.d.). [online] Available at: • http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2577055/Stupid-Ive-got-17-GCSEs-says-girl-thought-Barraco-Barner-President-An-audience-beauty-salon-receptionist-story-speaks-volumes-modern-Britain.html [Accessed 24 Mar. 2016].

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TO CONCLUDE....

• There are blatantly both very positive and negative outcomes to the use of Twitter. It can be seen from two completely different sides that it is just a platform of ‘novelty’ but also there are aspects that may argue that it has ‘powerful and polemical media’ impact. The Guardian published an article discussing the concept that twitter could possibly be beneficial to the brain and people’s higher education by using is as a ‘learning tool’. To an extent this could be useful and essentially true, however there is a large side of twitter that is solely about people’s everyday lives and is filled with meaningless topics of conversation and discussion, which would not necessarily help within studies.

• One con that was mentioned in the study, is that ‘conveying a message in 140 characters is challenging and can lead to over-simplifying complex debates.’ There is a risk that people will misinterpret the point if there is so much cut out of the post to allow it to fit within the character count. A pro on the other hand was that ‘the Twitter seminar gave students the rare opportunity to ask questions and post comments to Andy through tweets and receive individual replies.’ This could be a way of connecting with the audience and using something that they can relate to. There is no escaping the fact that twitter is the cause of a lot negativity within the public domain due to the incredible amount of abuse, trolling and attacks that are published twenty four hours a day. 

• It is acknowledgeable that there are some measures taken to prevent these from occurring, but it is completely impossible to punish and remove every account and post that is associated with the negativity.

Internet Trolling

Celebrity Accounts

Celebrity accounts on twitter are very beneficial and can help in regards to the promotion of businesses as the large following they have will view anything that they post and more than likely reiterate the post on to their page spreading awareness and gaining custom. The posts by celebrity users attracts people to the site, increasing opportunity for advertising. This method of advertisement has been proven to be extremely widespread and popular throughout Twitter and other social media platforms like Instagram. The vast amount of followers that celebrities have on their twitter pages is something that is used to their advantage for a variety of positive outcomes. However, these accounts can also be extremely controversial and critical through what they post online. This ultimately leads to ‘twitter wars’ and sometimes ‘twitter storms’. Katie Hopkins- a television personality and newspaper columnist- is a vital example of a celebrity who creates controversy constantly online through the use of her twitter page. She posts extremely controversial opinions on topics within popular culture and mainstream news, which evidently results in a mass amount of criticism and negative feedback. Controversial topics regarding religion are among the harsh statements she makes which creates a large outburst of debates.

https://metrouk2.files.wordpress.com/2015/04/katie-hopkins-dementia.png       http://ivillageau.s3.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/files/kthopkins-tweet-2.jpg

Above are two examples of the shocking and controversial tweets Katie Hopkins has posted in the past.